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大学英语视听说教程4原文及答案(大学英语视听说教材4答案)

第一题:

大学英语视听说教程4原文及答案(大学英语视听说教材4答案)大学英语视听说教程4原文及答案(大学英语视听说教材4答案)


第二题:

第三题:

第四题:

扩展资料这部分内容主要考察的是逻辑主语的知识点:

动词在一个整句中充当某一个成分——谓语动词、主语、谓语的宾语、修饰成分(定语、状语和补语)时,表达一个动作的概念,描述一个具有一定动机和目的并指向一定客体的运动系统。动作系统不是孤立的,即不存在没有源头的动作,对于每个动作,都有对应的主体(发出者)。动词代表的动作系统中的主体,即施动者,称作这个动词的逻辑主语。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的使动方的语态。在主动语态中,谓语动词的动作源自主语,而施加于宾语。由此,在动词主动态的句子或分句中,语法主语是此句子或分句的施动者(逻辑主语)。

被动语态是一种语态,可以直观的表明主语与谓语动词之间的被动关系。被动语态表示主语是受动者。一般说来,当强调动作的受动者而不强调或不明确施动者时,多用被动语态。由此,在动词被动态的句子或分句中,语法主语是受动者(逻辑宾语),而介词by后的名词或者代词(性分句)是施动者(逻辑主语)。

高分求新编大学英语 第4册 视听说教程原文和答案

Text

Do you view work as a burden or an opportunity? Are you the kind of person who looks for ways to save your energy or the kind that finds spending your energy satisfying? Why do people like to complain about work? Find the answers to question like these in the following essay.

WHY PEOPLE WORK

Leonard R. Sayles

Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness sand contentment. We're all used to thinking that work provides the material things of life -- the goods and services that make possible our modern civilization. But we are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more intangible, but more crucial, psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.

Historically, work has been associated with slavery and sin and punishment. And in our own day we are used to hearing the traditional complaints: "I can't wait for my vacation," "I wish I could stay home today," "My boss treats me poorly," "I've got too much work to do and not enough time to do it." Against this background, it may well come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individual's happiness and sense of personal achievement. Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity.

Rather than a punishment or a burden, work is the opportunity to realize one's potential. Many psychiatrists heading mental health clinics have observed its healing effect. A good many patients who feel depressed in clinics gain renewed self-confidence when gainfully employed and lose some, if not all, of their most acute symptoms. Increasingly, institutions dealing with mental health problems are establishing workshops wherein those too sick to get a job in "outside" industry can work, while every effort is exerted to arrange "real" jobs for those well enough to work outside.

And the reverse is true, too. For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their health. Retirement often brings many problems surrounding the "What do I do with myself?" question, even though there may be no financial cares. Large numbers of people regularly get headaches and other illnesses on weekends when they don't have their jobs to go to, and must fend for themselves. It has been observed that unemployment, quite aside from exerting financial pressures, brings enormous psychological troubles and that many individuals deteriorate rapidly when jobless.

But why? Why should work be such a significant source of human satisfaction? A good share of the answer rests in the kind of pride that is stimulated by the job, by the activity of accomplishing.

Pride in Accomplishment

The human being longs for a sense of being accomplished, of being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind, with his will. Each of us wants to feel he or she has the ability to do something that is meaningful and that serves as a tribute to our inherent abilities.

It is easiest to see this in the craftsman who lovingly shapes some cheap material into an object that may be either useful or beautiful or both. You can see the carpenter or bricklayer stand aside and admire the product of his personal skill.

But even where there is no obvious end product that is solely attributable to one person's skill, researchers have found that employees find pride in accomplishment. Our own research in hospitals suggests that even the houskeeping and laundry staffs take pride in the fact that in their own ways they are helping to cure sick people -- and thus accomplishing good deal.

We're often misled by the complaints surrounding difficult work; deep down most people regard their won capacity to conquer the tough job as the mark of their own unique personality. Complaining is just part of working After all, how else do you know who you are, except as you can demonstrate the ability of your mind to control you limbs ad hands and words? You are, in significant measure, what you can do.

Some are deceived into thinking that people like to store up energy, to rest and save themselves as much as possible. Just the opposite. It is energy expenditure that is satisfying.

Just watch an employee who must deal with countless other people because his or her job is at some central point in a communications network: a salesman at a busy counter, a stock broker on the phone, a customer representative. They will tell you how much skill and experience it takes to answer countless questions and handle various kinds of personalities every hour of the day. Not everyone can interact with such persistence and over long hours, but those who do, pride themselves on a distinctive ability that contributes mightily to the running of the organization.

But work is more than accomplishment and pride in being able to command the job, because except for a few craftsmen and artists most work takes place "out in the world," with an through other people.

Esprit de corps

Perhasps an example will make the point:

I remember viewing a half dozen me in a chair factory whose job it was to bend several pieces of steel and attach them so that a folding chair would result. While there were ten or twelve of these "teams" that worked together, one in particular was known for its perfect coordination and lightning-like efforts. The men knew they were good. They would work spurts for twenty or thirty minutes before taking a break -- to show themselves, bystanders and other groups what it was to be superbly skilled and self-controlled, to be the best in the factory.

When I talked with them, each expressed enormous pride in being a part of the fastest, best team. And this sense of belonging to an accomplished work group is one of the distinctive satisfactions of the world of work.

One further word about work group satisfactions. Unlike may other aspects of life, relationships among people at work tend to be simpler, less complicated, somewhat less emotional. This is not to say there aren't arguments and jealousies, but, on the whole, behavioral research discloses that human relations at work are just easier, perhaps because they are more regular and predictable and thus simpler to adjust to than the sporadic, the more intense and less regular relationships in the community. And the work group also gently pressures its members to learn how to adjust to one another so that the "rough edges" are worked off because people know they must do certain things with and through one another each day.

Beyond the team and the work group, there is the organization, whether it be company or hospital or university. The same pride in being part of a well-coordinated, successful unit is derived from being part of a larger collectivity. Working for a company that is though of as being part of the best in the community can provide employees with both status and self-confidence. They assume, usually with good reason, that others regard them more highly, even envy them, and that they are more competent than the average because of this association with a "winner," a prestigious institution. We in truth bask in the reflected glory of the institution, and we seek ways of asserting our membership so that others will know and can recognize our good fortune.

New Words

contentment

n. happiness; satisfaction 满足

civilization

n. 文明

intangible

a. that can not be touched or grasped 触摸不到的

crucial

a. decisive; critical 决定性的,关键的

pschological

a. of the soul or mind 心理的

historically

ad. in the course of history, in accordance with or in respect to history

associate

vt. connect or bring together in one's mind 联想

slavery

n. the system of having slaves; the condition of being a slave 奴隶制度;奴隶身份

sin

n. behavior that is against the principles of morality; an immoral act 罪孽

punishment

n. punishing or being punished 惩罚

complaint

n. complaining; a statement expressing unhappiness, pain, dissatisfaction 抱怨

behavioral

a. of or having to do with behavior 行为的

contribution

n. act of contributing; sth. contributed

necessity

n. sth. that is necessary; the condition of being necessary, needed or unavoidable 必需品;必要性

focus

n. the central point; centre of interest 焦点

creativity

n. the ability to produce new and orignal ideas and things; inventiveness创造性

clinic

n. building or part of a hospital where doctors give specialized medical treatment and advice; a medical institution for special purposes 诊所

heal

v. (cause to) become healthy 治愈,愈合,痊愈

depressed

a. sad; low in spirits 精神抑郁的,情绪沮丧的

depress

vt. make sad, low in spirits

renew

vt. reestablish; give new life and freshness to 使更新

gainfully

ad. profitably

acute

a. severe; strong 严重的,急性的

symptom

a. a change in the body's condition that indicates illness 症状

institution

n. a society, club, college or any organization established for some public or social purpose 公共机构

workshop

n. a room of building which contains tools or machinery for making or repairing things 车间,工场

wherein

conj. in which

exert

vt. use(strength, skill, etc.) 尽力

reverse

n. the opposite; the other way round, the back 相反,背面

absence

n. non-existence; lack

retirement

n. instance of retiring or being retired; condition of being retired 退休

financial

a. relating to money 财政的;金融的

weekend

n. Saturday and Sunday, esp. when considered as a holiday from work

fend

vi. provide(for) 供养;照料

unemployment

n. the state of being unemployed

significant

a. of noticeable importance or effect 重大的

significance n.

satisfaction

n. be state of being satisfied 满足

satisfactory a.

accomplished

a. skilled, expert 有才艺的;有造诣的

tribute

n. material evidence of one's worth, virtue, etc.

inherent

a. existing as a natural and permanent part or quality of 内在的,生来的

craftsman

n. a highly skilled workman 手艺人,(名)工匠

bicklayer

n. a workman who builds with bricks

attributable

a. that can be attributed 可归因于……的

attribute

vt. 把……归因为

housekeeping

n. management of a home and its affairs 家政

staff

n. the group of workers who carry on a job (全体)员工

capacity

n. ability, power; the amount that sth. can hold or produce 能力;容量

tough

a. difficult to do or deal with 艰巨的

unique

n. being the only one of its type 独特的

limb

n. the leg, arm. or wing of an animal 肢,翼

opposite

n. a person or thing that is entirely different from another 对立面,对立物

countless

a. very many; too many to be counted

broker

n. person who buys and sells for others 经纪人,掮客

stock broker

n. a person who buys and sells stocks and bonds for other for a commission 证券经纪人

representative

n. a person acting in place of one or more others 代表

interact

vi. act on each other 相互作用

persistence

n. the act or fact of keeping on doing sth in spite of difficulty or opposition 坚持

persist vi.

distinctive

a. clearly marking a person or thing as different from other 特殊的;与众不同的

mightily

ad. with power and strength; greatly

esprit de corps

n. (French) spirit of loyalty and devotion which unites the members of a group or society 团体精神,集体荣誉感

coordination

n. harmonious adjustment or working together 协调

coordinate vt.

lightning

闪电

bystander

n. a person standing near but not taking part in an event or activity; onlooker 旁观者

superbly

ad. magnificently; first class

aspect

n. one side or view of a subject 方面

relationship

n. a friendship between people; connection 关系

disclose

make known; show by uncovering 揭示

sporadic

a. occurring now and then; occasional 零星发生的,偶尔的

collectivity

n. people collectively, especially as forming a community or state 集体

collective a.

status

n. (high) social or professional position 地位,身份

envy

vt. feel admiration or ill-will toward (sb.) because he has the good fortune one wishes to have 羡慕;妒忌

winner

n. one that wins or seems destined to win or be successful

prestigious

a. having respect that results from the good reputation (of a person, nation, etc.)有声望的

bask

vi. sit or lie in enjoyable warmth and light (舒适地) 取暖,享受

reflect

vt. throw back (light, heat, sound or image) 反射;反映

assert

vt. demonstrate the existence of; declare forcefully 宣称,断言

membership

n. the state of being a member, of a club, society, etc. all the members of a club, society, etc.

Phrases & Expressions

associate with

connect with (often mentally) 把…与…联系在一起

rather than

instead of

fend for oneself

look after oneself 照料自己,自行谋生

aside from

besides, apart from 除…以外

long for

desire (to have )sth. strongly 渴望

take pride in

fell please and happy because of 为…而感到得意

store up

put away for future use 储存,储备

pride oneself on

regard as a special reason for pride or satisfaction 以……自豪

make the/one's point

prove that sth. is true 证明一个论点

in particular

especially

at work

busy at a job; doing work

one the whole

considering everything; in general

work off

get rid of, dispose 除去,清除

求最新的新视野大学英语视听说教程第二版4Unit9的答案

铅在

2.Do你觉得有必要系安全带?

通常是要系好安全带,尤其是当我们在高速公路上风驰电掣。当汽车突然停止,不带司机将被抛出前进。如果汽车已经行驶在高速,驾驶员可通过挡风玻璃被抛出,自杀。

当车辆行驶速度缓慢,例如,在城市中心,这也是明智的,系好安全带。虽然你的车可能正在以蜗牛的速度,一个鲁莽的司机可能会突然粉碎成你。所以,我觉得系安全带是当车辆行驶在快速的速度至关重要,建议即使当车辆行驶速度缓慢。

4。什么措施,我们应采取防止酒后驾车?

首先,我们必须给予太多宣传交通安全的重要性。这是显著不仅对你,而且对你的家人和一般公众。发生事故可以毁掉你的生活,你的亲人和许多其他生命的生命也是如此。其次,我们应该提醒我们的朋友和亲戚不要开车前喝酒。更重要的是,警方应经常留意酒后驾车,阻止他们,测量其血液中的酒精浓度,并依法惩罚他们。

如果所有这些措施,同时采取,酒后驾车的情况下肯定会下降。

二听力技巧

代理,事件,时间和原因/理由详细说明

飞机专用;四座;只具有先导

该建筑32层

试点一名68岁的瑞士男子。

事故一架飞机撞上大楼。

结果造成至少3人,打伤数十人,并

使建筑物内的大洞;但建筑物的倒塌

时间下午5时48分,18分钟服用0FF。

原因不明。没有证据的链接,恐怖主义

三。听力在

1.T 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.F

任务2:有多少降落伞剩下

最聪明的人一个律师,一个女孩

试点。

2。

崩溃,

2降落伞。

3。

有利于世界最

获取

14。

导致生活开始一个人的降落伞

1。为什么小女孩哭了吗?

二)聪明的人把她的书包。 ?

2有多少降落伞都留给律师和女孩

C)两

任务3:。?你为什么要停在绿灯

1,D 2,A 3,B 4.C 5.C

四,大众心声

标准1

你怎么了?你看起来一团糟

我有一个坏的脱落了我的自行车。

鲍勃:?!它是怎么发生的

狗开始狂吠我

我会给你所有的信息

您可能已被车撞了

狗惹的祸。

你应该更加小心,你的口气闻起来酒精

标准2 />我享受每一分钟。

你不清你的话,你就不稳定的在你的脚。

我开好后,喝了几杯酒

你的口气闻起来酒精

之嘿,这是怎么回事?

我保留到明天

我就去了驾驶室。

MODEL3我吃了一张罚单今早

我得到了一个百元票

这不是我的错。

市区限速为每小时40英里

您可能制动,能不好吗?

我的车开得很慢。

如果不是因为愚蠢的狗。

我也不会差点撞上警车。

V大家谈

驾照

醉驾

登记文件

杀害店主

司机

司机

主干

不首席

>打开后备箱

驾照

手br清白/>首席人员

许可证,偷

杀了主人

人员s

太六此外听说

> 911急救

细分

进入劳动力。

一个男孩

隧道,

麦克。

救护车

派出

操作

平静而温馨,SH

南行线

任务2:!有两款车都损坏饮料

A),但无论是驾驶者受到伤害。

三)神已经安排了男人和女人成为朋友。

三)神要男人和女人喝庆祝。

B)他认为他的下神的旨意

D)的女人使男人似乎已经驾驶而醉

任务3:..霸不会喜欢它 BR。 /> 1。2,F 3,F 4,T 5,F

UNIT 1

艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐不知还能做些什么。

成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。

对一名正努力追求成功并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。

追求出人头地,最乐观地说也困难重重,许多人到最后即使不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。

尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞扬之类的不太纯洁的动机却在激励着他们向前。

享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。

成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格

为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。

他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。

尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。

若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。

公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。

有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。

公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。

知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节安排、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等。

同样,像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利这样的画家,希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。

他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,

但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。

名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。

骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。

它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你或是可能的你。

艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众

一滴名气之水有可能玷污人的心灵这一整口井,因此一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹。

你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜。

一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对,却依然故我,他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。

在一次宴会上,他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面,指责他在性方面影响了她的儿子。

他听了她的话以后大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人的母亲,声称她毁了自己的“好”名声。

但是,他真该请一个更好的律师。

结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名声损失费的请求,反而对他本人进行了罚款。

他由于拒交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是,他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。

在最糟糕的时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。

为保持真我,他付出的代价是,在最需要崇拜者时,谁也不理他。

奇怪的是,收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由!

他们可以自由地表达,独辟蹊径,不落窠臼,不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。

失败的艺术家寻求安慰时,可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是过世多年以后才成名,或是他们没有出卖自己。

他们也可以为自己的失败辩解:自己的才华实在过于高深,不是当代听众或观众所理解得了的。

那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道,某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇,直至成功。

美国小说家托马斯·伍尔芙的第一本小说《向家乡看吧,安琪儿》被拒39次后,才最终得以出版。

贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他毫无音乐家潜质的偏见,成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。

19世纪瑞士著名教育家裴斯泰洛齐原先干的工作没有一件成功,直到他想到去教小孩子,并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。

托马斯·爱迪生在四年级时被赶出了学校,因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝。

但不幸的是,对大多数人而言,失败是奋斗的结束,而不是开始。

对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒,我要说:祝你们好运。

但是,遗憾的是,你会发现这不是你想得到的。

狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。

获得成功的人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利。

所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功。

做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。

可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好的艺术。

UNIT 2

他出生在伦敦南部的一个贫困地区。

他穿的短袜是从妈妈的红色长袜上剪下来的。

他的妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常。

狄更斯或许能创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事,

但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪汉”,这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。

就卓别林而言,其他国家,如法国、意大利、西班牙,甚至日本,都比他的出生地给予了他更多的掌声(和更多的收益)。

在1913年,卓别林永久地离开了英国,与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演。在那里,他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克·塞纳特的旗下工作。

令人遗憾的是,20世纪二、三十年代的很多英国人认为卓别林的“流浪汉”多少有点“粗俗”。

中产阶级当然这样认为。劳动阶层反倒更有可能为这样一个反抗权势的角色拍手喝彩:他以顽皮的小拐杖使绊子,或用皮靴后跟对准权势者肥大的臀部踢一下。

尽管如此,卓别林的滑稽乞丐形象并不那么像英国人,甚至也不像劳动阶级的人。

英国流浪者并不留小胡子,也不穿肥大的裤子或燕尾服:欧洲的领导人和意大利的侍者才那样穿戴。

另外,“流浪汉”瞟着漂亮女孩的眼神也有些粗俗,被英国观众认为不太正派——只有外国人才那样,不是吗?

而在卓别林大半的银幕生涯中,银幕上的他是不出声的,也就无从证明他是英国人。

事实上,当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影,不得不为他的“流浪汉”寻找“合适的声音”时,他确实很头疼。

他尽可能地推迟那一天的到来:在 1936 的《摩登时代》里,他第一次在影片里发声唱歌。在片中,他扮演一名侍者,满口胡言乱语,听起来不像任何国家的语言。

后来他说,他想象中的“流浪汉”是一位受过大学教育,但已经没落的绅士。

但假如他在早期那些短小的喜剧电影中能操一口受教育人的口音,那么他是否会闻名世界就难说了,

而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意的,但这促使他获得了巨大的成功。

他是一个才能非凡的人,他的决心之大甚至在好莱坞明星中也十分少见。

他的巨大名声为他带来了自由,更重要的是带来了财富,他因此得以成为自己的主人。

在事业发展之初,他就感到一种冲动要去发掘并扩展自己身上所显露的天才。

当他第一次在银幕上看到自己扮演的“流浪汉”时,他说:“这不可能是我。那可能吗?瞧这角色多么与众不同啊!”

这种震惊唤起了他的想象。

卓别林并没有把他的笑料事先写成文字。他是那种边表演边根据感觉去创造艺术的喜剧演员。

没有生命的物体特别有助于卓别林发挥自己艺术家的天赋。

他将这些物体想象成其他东西。

因此,在《当铺老板》中,一个坏闹钟变成了正在接受手术的“病人”;在《淘金记》中,靴子被放在锅里煮,靴底被蘸着盐和胡椒吃掉,就像上好的鱼片一样(鞋钉就像鱼骨那样被剔除)。

这种对事物的转化,以及他一次又一次做出这种转化的技巧,正是卓别林伟大喜剧的奥秘所在。

他也深切地渴望被爱,同时也害怕遭到背叛。

这两者很难结合在一起,有时这种冲突导致了灾难,就像他早期的几次婚姻那样。

然而即使是这种以沉重代价换来的自知之明也在他的喜剧创作中得到了表现。

“流浪汉”始终没有失去对卖花女的信心,相信她正等待着与自己共同走进夕阳之中;而卓别林的另一面使他的凡尔杜先生,一个杀了妻子的法国人,成为了仇恨女人的象征。

令人宽慰的是,生活最终把卓别林先前没能获得的稳定和幸福给了他。

他找到了沃娜·奥尼尔·卓别林这个伴侣。她的沉稳和深情跨越了他们之间37岁的年龄差距。他们的年龄差别太大,以致当1942年他们要结婚时,新娘公布了他们的结婚日期后,为他们办理手续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘:“那个年轻人在哪儿?”——当时已经54岁的卓别林小心翼翼在外面等候着。

由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭,她对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备,因为当时关于他俩有很多毫无根据的流言。后来在他那个有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中,卓别林有时会引发争吵,而她则成了安宁的中心。

卓别林死于1977年圣诞节。

几个月后,几个近乎可笑的盗尸者从他的家庭墓室盗走了他的尸体以借此诈钱。

警方追回了他的尸体,其效率比麦克·塞纳特拍摄的启斯东喜剧片中的笨拙警察要高得多。但是人们不禁会感到,卓别林一定会把这一奇怪的事件看作是对他的十分恰当的纪念——他以这种方式给这个自己曾为之带去这么多笑声的世界留下最后的笑声。

UNIT 3

人人都觉得福利救济对象是在骗人。

当我认识的许多坐轮椅的人面临与宠物猫分吃生猫食的窘境时,都会向福利机构多骗取几美元。

为了能领到一点额外的福利款,他们告诉政府说他们实际上少拿了200美元的养老金,或告诉社会工作者,说房东又将房租涨了100 美元。

我选择了过一种完全诚实的生活,因此我不会那样做,而是四处找活,揽些画漫画的活。

我甚至还告诉福利机构我赚了多少钱!哦,私下里领一笔钱当然对我挺有吸引力,但即使我挡不住这种诱惑,我投稿的那些大杂志也不会去给自己惹麻烦。

他们会保留我的记录,而这些记录会直接进入政府的电脑。真是态度鲜明,毫不含糊。

作为一名福利救济对象,我必须在社会工作者面前卑躬屈膝。

社会工作者心里知道,许多救济对象在欺骗他们,因此他们觉得,作为补偿,他们有权让救济对象向他们点头哈腰。

我并不是故意感到忿忿不平。

大多数社会工作者刚开始时都是些大学毕业生,有理想,而且思想开明。

可是,在这个实际上是要人撒谎的体制里干了几年后,他们就变得与那个叫“苏珊娜”的人一样了——一个穿运动短裤的侦探。

去年圣诞节过后不久,苏珊娜到我家来了解情况,看到墙上贴着新的宣传画,便想知道:“你从哪儿弄到钱来买这些?”“从朋友和家人那儿。”

“那么,你最好要张收据,真的,你接受任何捐献或礼物都要报告。”她这是在暗示我:得哀求她了。但是我却将她顶了回去。

“那天在马路上有人给我一根烟,我也得报告吗?”“对不起,卡拉汉先生,可是规定不是我制订的。”

苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅的问题训斥我。由于福利部门不愿意花钱好好地修理,所以它总是坏。

“您是知道的,卡拉汉先生,我听说您的那辆轮椅比一般人用得多得多。”

我当然用得多,我是个工作很积极的人,又不是植物人。

我住在闹市区附近,可以坐着轮椅到处走走。我真想知道如果她突然摔坏臀部,不得不爬着去上班时,会是什么感受。

政府削减福利开支已经导致许多人挨饿受苦,我只是其中之一。但它对脊柱伤残的人的影响更为突出:政府已经不管我们的轮椅了。

每次我的轮椅出问题,掉了螺丝,需要换个新轴承,或刹车不灵时,我都打电话给苏珊娜,但每次都要挨训。

她最后总会说:“好吧,如果今天我能抽出时间的话,我会找医务人员的。”

她该通知医务人员,由医务人员来确认问题确实存在,然后打电话给各家轮椅维修公司,拿到最低的报价。

接着医务人员就通知州政府的福利总部,他们再花几天时间考虑这件事。而这期间我只能躺在床上,动弹不得。

最后,如果我幸运的话,他们会给我回电话,同意维修。

当福利部门获悉我画漫画赚钱时,苏珊娜就开始每两个星期“拜访”我一次,而不再是每两个月一次了。

她寻遍每个角落,想找出我未上报的电器,或者是女仆、烤炉里的烤猪、停在房后新买的直升飞机什么的。

她从来都是一无所获,但最后我总要填厚厚的一叠表格,说明每一分钱的来历。

如何逐渐脱离福利照顾,这在法律条款中没有明确规定。我是一个独立的生意人,正在慢慢建立起自己的市场。

要脱离福利救济,一下子每月挣2, 000美元是不可能的。但我很想自己负担部分生活费用,不必在每次需要为轮椅买点配件时都去尴尬地求人。

真需要有一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的权利,因为这一福利体制不仅容易使福利提供者滥用权力,也很容易使救济对象滥用权力。

前几天,由于药剂师说我使用的医疗用品超出常量,于是福利部门派苏珊娜到我的住所调查。

我确实多用了,因为外科手术中切的排尿孔的大小改变了,尿袋的连接处发生渗漏。

她正做着记录,我家的电话铃响了。苏珊娜接听了电话,是一位州议员打来的,这使她慌了一下。

数以千计像我这样的福利救济对象,如果允许的话,可以慢慢地负担自己的一部分甚至全部生活费用,对此,我要不要在州政府的委员会里尝试着做点儿什么呢?

还用说吗?我当然要!总有一天,像我这样的福利救济对象将在一种新的福利制度下过上好日子,这种制度不会千方百计证明福利救济对象在欺骗,而是要鼓励他们自立。

他们将能自由地、毫无愧疚、毫不担忧地发挥他们的才干,或拥有一份稳定的好工作。

UNIT 4

一个将会大大提高发展中国家生活水准的转变正方兴未艾。

一些不久前还是信息闭塞的地方正在迅速获得最新的通信技术,这将促进他们吸纳国内外投资。

亚洲、拉丁美洲和东欧的许多国家也许需要10年时间来改善其交通、电力供应和其他公用设施。

但是只一根直径小于半毫米的光纤电缆就可以比由铜丝制成的粗电缆承载更多的信息。

由于安装了光纤电缆、数字转换器和最新的无线传输系统,从北京到布达佩斯的一系列城区和工业区正在直接步入信息时代。

一个蛛网般的数字和无线通信网络已经发展到亚洲的大部分地区和东欧的部分地区。

所有这些发展中地区都把先进的通信技术看作一种跨越经济发展诸阶段的途径。

例如,信息技术的广泛应用有望缩短劳动密集型的组装工业转向涉及工程、营销和设计的那些产业所需的时间。

现代通信技术“将使中国、越南这样的国家比那些困于旧技术的国家拥有巨大的优势”。

这些国家应以多快的速度向前发展是人们争论的一个问题。

许多专家认为,越南在目前急需电话的情况下,却要求所有的移动电话都必须是昂贵的数字型电话,这种做法太超前了。

一位专家说:“这些国家缺乏成本估算和选择技术的经验。”

然而毋庸争辩,通信技术将是区分输赢的关键因素。

看一看俄罗斯的情况吧。

由于其坚实的数学和科学教育基础,它应该在信息时代有繁荣的发展。

问题是,它的国内电话系统是一堆生锈的20世纪30年代的老古董。

为了解决这一问题,俄罗斯已经开始铺设光纤电缆,并制定了投入400亿美元建设多项通信工程的战略计划。

但是由于其经济陷于低迷,几乎没有资金来着手解决最基本的问题。

与俄罗斯相比,在未来10年中,中国大陆计划对通信设备投入1,000亿美元。

从某种意义上说,中国的落后成了一种有利因素,因为这一发展正好发生在新技术比铜线电缆系统更便宜的时候。

到1995年底,中国除了拉萨以外的省会都将有数字转换器和高容量的光纤网,

这意味着其主要城市正在具备必需的基础设施,成为信息高速公路的主要部分,使人们能够进入系统,获得最先进的服务。

电信工程也是上海实现其成为一流的金融中心这一梦想的关键。

为了能给国际投资者提供其所期望的电子数据和无纸化交易方面的出色服务,上海计划建设与曼哈顿同样强大的电信网络。

与此同时,匈牙利也希望跃入现代世界。

目前,有70万匈牙利人等着装电话。

为了部分地解决资金问题,加速引进西方技术,匈牙利将国有电话公司30%的股份出售给了两家西方公司。

为进一步减少电话待装户,匈牙利已将权利出租给一家荷兰-斯堪的纳维亚企业集团,来建造并经营一个据说位居世界先进行列的数字移动电话系统。

事实上,无线方式是在发展中国家快速建设电话系统的最受欢迎的方式之一。

建造无线电发射塔要比翻山越岭架设线路更便宜。而且,急切盼望可靠服务的企业乐于花费可观的高价来换取无线电话服务——其资费通常是固定线路电话资费的二至四倍。

整个拉丁美洲对无线通信的需求和使用已急速增长。

对于无线电话服务商来说,没有任何地方的业务比拉丁美洲更好了——在那里有一个营运点就好像有一堆无穷无尽供你使用的钞票。

在四个无线电话市场有营运点的贝尔南方电话公司估计,来自于其每个客户的平均年收入均为2,000美元,而在美国仅为860美元。

产生这种情况的部分原因是拉丁美洲客户的通话时间是北美洲客户的二至四倍。

泰国也在求助于无线通信方式,以便让泰国人在发生交通堵塞时更好地利用时间。

而且在泰国,从办公室往外打电话或发传真并不那么容易:待装电话的名单上有一二百万个名字。

因此移动电话在商务人士中成为时尚,他们在交通堵塞时也能与外界保持联系。

越南正在做一个最大胆的跳跃。

尽管越南人均年收入只有220美元,它计划每年增加的30万条线路将全部为有数字转换功能的光纤电缆,而不是那些以铜线传送电子信号的廉价系统。

由于现在就选用了下一代的技术,越南负责通信的官员说他们能够在数十年中与亚洲的任何一个国家保持同步。

对于那些长期落后的国家来说,一跃而名列前茅的诱惑难以抵御。

而且,尽管他们会犯错误,他们仍会坚持不懈——总有一天,他们将能在信息高速公路上与美国和西欧并驾齐驱。

UNIT 5

事实如此,我们孤独无依地生活着。据最近的统计,共有2,200万人独自生活在自己的住所里。其中有些人喜欢这种生活,有些却不喜欢。

有些离了婚,有些鳏寡无伴,也有些从未结过婚。

孤独或许是这里的一种民族弊病,我们羞于承认它,甚于其他任何罪恶。

而另一方面,故意选择独处,拒绝别人的陪伴而非为同伴所弃,却是美国式英雄的一个特点。

孤独的猎人或探险者去鹿群和狼群中冒险,征服广袤的荒野时,并不需要有人陪伴。

梭罗独居在湖畔的小屋,有意疏离了城市生活。现在,这成了你的个性。

独处的灵感是诗人和哲学家最有用的东西。

他们都赞成独处,

都因能够独处而自视甚高,至少在他们匆忙赶回家喝茶之前的一两个小时之内是这样。

就拿多萝西·华兹华斯来说吧,她帮哥哥威廉穿上外衣,为他找到笔记本和铅笔,向他挥手告别,目送他走进早春的阳光去独自对花沉思。

他写道:“独处多么优雅,惬意。”

毫无疑问,如果自愿独处,感觉要好得多。

看看弥尔顿的女儿们:她们为他准备好垫子和毯子,然后蹑手蹑脚地走开,以便他能创作诗歌。

然而他并不自己费神将诗歌写下来,而是唤回女儿们,向她们口述,由她们记下来。

也许你已经注意到,这些艺术家类型的人,大多是到户外独处,

而家里则自有亲人备好了热茶,等着他们回家。

美国的独处代表人物是梭罗。

我们钦佩他,并非因为他能自力更生,而是因为他孤身一人在瓦尔登湖畔生活,他喜欢这样——独居在湖畔的树林中。

实际上,他最近的邻居离他只有一英里,走路也就20分钟;铁路离他半英里;交通繁忙的大路距他300码。

整天都有人进出他的小屋,请教他何以能够如此高洁。

显然,他的高洁之处主要在于:他既没有妻子也没有仆人,自己动手用斧头砍柴,自己洗杯洗碟。

我不知道谁为他洗衣服,他没说,但他也肯定没提是他自己洗。

听听他是怎么说的:“我从未发现比独处更好的伙伴。”

梭罗以自尊自重为伴。

也许这里的启示是:自我意识越强,就越不需要其他的人在周围。

我们越是感觉谦卑,就越受孤独的折磨,感到仅与自己相处远远不够。

若与别人同住,他们的小别会使你感到耳目一新。

孤独将会于星期四结束。

如果今天我提到自己时使用的是单数人称代词,那么下星期我就会使用复数形式。

其他人不在的时候,你可以放飞自己的灵魂,让它充满整个房间。你可以充分享受自由,随意来去而无需道歉。你可以熬夜读书、大泡浴缸、一口气吃掉整整一品脱的冰淇淋。你可以按自己的节奏行动。

暂别的人会回来。

他们的冬季防水大衣还放在衣橱里,狗也在窗边密切留意他们归来的身影。

但如果你单独居住,那么朋友或熟人的暂时离别会使你感到空虚,也许他们永远也不会回来了。

孤独的感觉时起时落,但我们却永远需要与人交谈。

这比需要倾听更重要。

噢,我们都有朋友,可以把大事要事向他们倾诉。我们可以打电话对朋友说我们丢了工作,或者说我们在湿滑的地板上摔倒了,跌断了胳膊。

每日不断的琐碎抱怨,对各种事情的看法和意见,积在那儿,塞满了我们的心。

我们不会真打电话给一位朋友,说我们收到了姐姐的一个包裹,或者说现在天黑得比较早,或者说我们不信任最高法院新来的法官。

科学调查表明,独居的人会对着自己、对着宠物、对着电视机唠叨不休。

我们问猫儿今天该穿蓝色套装还是黄色裙装,

问鹦鹉今天晚餐该做牛排还是面条。

我们跟自己争论那个花样滑冰选手和这个滑雪运动员到底谁更了不起。

这没什么不妥,

也对我们有好处,而且不像有些人那么令人尴尬:在超市付款处,排在前面的女人告诉收银员,她的侄女梅利莎星期六可能会来看她。梅莉莎非常喜欢热巧克力,所以她买了速溶热巧克力粉,虽然她自己从来不喝这东西。

重要的是保持理性。

重要的是不再等待,而是安顿下来,使自己过得舒服,至少暂时要这样。要在我们自身的条件下发现一些优雅和乐趣,不要做一个以自我为中心的英国诗人,而要像一个被关在塔楼里的公主,耐心地等待着我们的童话故事迎来快乐的结局。

毕竟,事已至此,

这或许不是我们所期望的局面,但眼下我们不妨称之为家吧。

不管怎么说,没有什么地方比家更好。

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B b c b c b A勾34678 B look like \in his thirties\about average height\pretty heavyset\raally long black hair\brown eyes\wears really big glasses\got it\what a friends for\sure no problem\oh my gosh\you look so different\good for you\it is looks good on you\you look great\

vacation

B 23yes 剩下NO

A1256圈前一个 剩下后一个

B绿框(p25竖的下来按数字依次添入后面)9\6\10\5

红框7\8 黄1\2\3\4

还有部分我在线交谈给你了

【急】新编大学英语视听说教程4第三版答案,最好附原文、没有也没关系

Unit1

Part one

Exercise 2

Column A Column B

BC

DA

Exercise 3

1.right before 2.spring break 3.ski trip 4.about an hour

5.catch up on

6.wait a minute 7.anytime you want 8.read the end 9.go to the

cinema 10.care about

Exercise 4

1. You look refreshed after the spring break.

2. You guys have to go there some day.

3. Watching them is becoming very popular.

4. You can replay it as many times as you like.

5. Of course, you can rent DVDs. That’s even cheaper.

6. It costs much less to watch DVDs at home than go to the

movies.

7. I think it’s more relaxing to watch DVDs.

8. You don’t have to worry about bothering others.

9. Well, you have to get good DVDs.

10. That’s one of the reasons why people still go to the movies.

11. I think it is more romantic to go to the cinema.

12. That’s why many young couples like to go to the movies.

13. It is convenient for young couples to go on a date.

14. For one thing, I don’t have a girlfriend, and seeing couples

around makes me feel sad.

15. Sometimes they may talk loudly. And that really bothers me.

16. So you prefer to watch DVDs at home?

17. You don’t have too much choices when you go to the cinema.

18. Do you think that DVDs might take the place of movies in the

future?

19. Oh, here’s a newspaper. You can find out more about it

yourself.

20. Perhaps we could exchange our DVD movies.

Part two

Listening 1

Exercise 1 ACACCB

Questions:

1. Who was NOT clever?

2. What did Pat ask Mike to do?

3. Who was hurt finally?

4. On whom was Mike going to try this joke?

5. Where did Mike put his hand when he asked Bob to hit him?

6. What happened to Mike after Bob struck a hard blow with his

fist?

Exercise 2 FTFFT

Listening 2

Exercise 1 TFFFFT

Exercise 2 BCCAD

Questions:

1. What does the magician ask people to do in the first trick?

2. What happened to the coin?

3. How does the magician prove that he can communicate thoughts

to the audience in the second trick?

4. What is the first step to make the egg stand?

5. What else is needed to make the egg stand?

Part three

Practice one

Exercise 1

John Liz

Fantasy √

Mystery √ √

Horror

Comedy √

Musical √

Robert Redford √

Paul Newman √

Clint Eastwood √

Exercise 2

1.escape into 2.horror films 3.follow the detective

4.around these days

5.ring up

Practice two

Exercise 1 TFTT

Exercise 2 ACBD

Practice three

Exercise 1 BBCBAABC

Questions:

1. How many guests are interviewed in the program?

2. How do sports affect the guests’ life according to the

presenter?

3. What sports does Debbie enjoy most?

4. What will Debbie do if she saves up enough money?

5. What does Jonathan think of horse-riding?

6. What is required for canoeing?

7. What is troublesome about canoeing?

8. What can you get from canoeing?

Exercise 2 TFTFTTFF

Practice four

Exercise 1 DADCC

Questions:

1. According to the passage, when may the game of football have

the first started?

2. What does the speaker say about the earliest football game in

England?

3. How many team members were often involved in the game when

the English began to play the game?

4. Why was it NOT possible to have football matched between two

schools until 1850?

5. What happened to football in 1863?

Exercise 2 FTFTF

Part four

Section 1 ACCACB

Questions:

1. Where does the dialog most probably take place?

2. How many classes are there everyday except Sunday?

3. At what time does the last class end?

4. How much is the entrance fee?

5. Which class will Cathy come for most probably?

6. What can we learn about Cathy from the dialog?

Section 2 CBDCBA

Questions:

1. Where does the man want to spend the summer holiday?

2. What is considered important in planning vacation according

to the man?

3. What is confusing for the man to travel abroad?

4. What will help the woman in her work according to her?

5. What does the woman think of summer in Britain?

6. What can we learn about the man from the dialog?

Section 3

1. dinner; band; cake

2. house; drinks

3. invite; arrive; 50/fifty

4. drinks; new

Unit 2

Part one

Exercise 2 FFTFTT

Exercise 3

1. donations; individuals and organizations

2. dedicate; time and resources

3. loving and caring

4. keep coming

5. keep the best

6. feel better about

7. not necessarily

8. lovely surprise

9. truth; understanding

10. real key

Exercise 4

1. –So, how are things going at work these days?

-Can’t complain.

2. Actually we try to find foster parents for them.

3. I just wonder how God would respond to him.

4. I have an idea: Why don’t we find a foster family for Tom?

5. Imagine how he would feel reading the letter!

6. I believe how he would feel regarding the letter!

7. Giving Tom what he’s asked God for may not be the best idea.

8. But, maybe he’s too young to fully understand this.

9. No one has to pay a penny for his life before birth.

10. The same is true with beliefs and goals: You can have them from

me at any time.

Part two

Listening 1

Exercise 1

1.department store 2.attend college 3.difficult 4.physical

education 5.terrified

Exercise 2 FTTFT

Listening 2

Exercise 1

1.80/Eighty 2.Caps, sweaters and scarves 3.Her daughter-in-law

4.Because she is blind

5.19/Nineteen 6.In China 7.1/One 8.Toronto

Exercise 2

1.60/Sixty 2.making up 3.various parts of the world 4.a

printed slip 5.Never before

6.a personal letter 7.who is wearing the clothing 8.bless

Part three

Practice one

Exercise 1 CADCB

Questions :

1. Where did the story take place?

2. What did the two Dutchmen want to know from the two Belgians?

3. How did the Dutchmen feel about the Belgians’ behavior?

4. What did the Belgian do when asked if he had a ticket?

5. Who finally managed to travel free of charge?

Exercise 2

1.approaching 2.left 3.toilet 4.locked 5.Tickets

6.please 7.pushed 8.stamped

Part two

Exercise 1 CAD

Exercise 2 √ 2;4;5;6;8;9

Practice three

Exercise 1

Written language: 2,3,5,6

Spoken language: 1,4

Exercise 2

1.spoken language 2.sign language 3.representations

4.derived from

Practice four

Exercise 1

1.misunderstanding 2.lump 3.5/five 4.cancer 5.fine

Exercise 2 TFTTTF

Part four

Section 1 ADABC

Questions:

1. Where did the story take place?

2. What happened to two of the frogs?

3. What did the other frogs say to the two frogs?

4. What happened to the two frogs?

5. What made one of the frogs ignore the other frogs’ advice?

Section 2

1.moods 2.regularly 3.meet 4.risks 5.hurt 6.satisfy

7.disappointed 8.should 9.unless 10.stuck

Section 3 FTFFTF

Unit 3

Part one

Exercise 2

1.react; perform 2.pick up

3.brains 4.society; way

Exercise 3

1.when it comes 2.get lost 3.seem true; more than 4.host;

active games

5.college education; well-paid 6.second-class citizens

7.leave; raise

8.feel guilty 9.are involved in; available 10.getting ready

Exercise 4

1. What’s your approach to getting a job here?

2. I’ve been busy all week, but I haven’t found anything yet.

3. You know, we talk about how liberated we are, but in fact I

think women are still discriminated against all the time.

4. According to the law, women have the same opportunities in

education and employment.

5. If you ask me, you’ve got the best of both worlds.

6. We’re given dolls, little cooking sets and fairy tales for

our birthdays – it is you boys who get computer games, little toy

cars and ball games.

7. In everyday life, it seems the sexes act, react and perform

differently.

8. There’s a big difference when it comes to relationships.

9. Boys are often taught to be tougher and not to cry.

10. There are still employers who feel that women really don’t

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